INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive examination of quantitative research designs. These designs are crucial in empirical studies as they provide a systematic way of collecting and evaluating data. The chapter explores the different types of quantitative research designs commonly used in social sciences research. It analyses each design's characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks, allowing researchers to decide which design best suits their study. Additionally, it discusses the critical factors to consider when selecting and implementing quantitative designs. It also offers practical advice on conducting research using quantitative methods.

The term research design pertains to the techniques and tactics employed to collect relevant data for investigating a specific query. Depending on the focus of the investigation, some queries may be more effectively answered by analysing data through quantitative research, which involves statistical analysis. Conversely, others may be better addressed by identifying patterns, features, or themes in the data, known as qualitative research.

A firm understanding of research designs is crucial, as even peer-reviewed research can be unreliable. To properly evaluate research, one must assess how a study was designed and executed to determine its validity for one's practice or study. Familiarity with different study designs enables one to distinguish between sound and flawed research, thereby applying critical thinking when evaluating evidence in activities such as literature reviews.