11. Module: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Scientific research is the cornerstone of knowledge generation and innovation. Among the multitude of methodologies available, systematic reviews stand out as essential tools for synthesizing existing literature, identifying research gaps and informing evidence-based practice. By rigorously analyzing and integrating findings from multiple studies, systematic reviews contribute to the advancement of academic disciplines and professional fields by providing a comprehensive overview of a given research area.

The methodological rigor required for systematic reviews ensures reliability, transparency and reproducibility, which are critical for maintaining scientific integrity. Given the rapid expansion of research in various fields, scholars and practitioners increasingly rely on systematic reviews to navigate the wealth of information available and draw meaningful conclusions.

Our motivation for this study stems from the growing need for structured and methodical approaches to reviewing interdisciplinary literature, particularly in the social sciences, psychology and education.

We are grateful to all the researchers, academics and professionals whose contributions have shaped the field of systematic reviews. We hope that this book will serve as a valuable resource for students, scholars and practitioners, guiding them through the rigorous process of conducting systematic reviews and ultimately supporting the advancement of scientific knowledge.

Ece Yağcı Akgündüz, Dr. Mustafa Özgenel

1. Understand the concept and importance of systematic reviews in research.
2. Learn the key characteristics that define a systematic review.
3. Identify the differences between systematic reviews and traditional literature reviews.
4. Recognize the stages involved in conducting a systematic review.

This section provides an overview of systematic reviews, their significance in academic research, and their application across various disciplines.

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Liberati, A., Altman, D., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P., Ioannidis, J., … & Moher, D. (2009). The prisma statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 62(10), e1-e34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006

MacMillan, F., McBride, K. A., George, E. S., & Steiner, G. Z. (2019). Conducting a systematic review: A practical guide. In P. Liamputtong (Ed.), Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences (pp. 805–826). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5251-4_113

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Methley, A. M., Campbell, S., Chew-Graham, C., McNally, R., & Cheraghi-Sohi, S. (2014). PICO, PICOS, and SPIDER: A comparison study of specificity and sensitivity in three search tools for qualitative systematic reviews. In BMC Health Services Research (Vol. 14, Issue 1). BioMed Central Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-014-0579-0

Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., Stewart, L. A., Estarli, M., Barrera, E. S. A., Martínez-Rodríguez, R., Baladia, E., Agüero, S. D., Camacho, S., Buhring, K., Herrero-López, A., Gil-González, D. M., Altman, D. G., Booth, A., … Whitlock, E. (2016). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Revista Espanola de Nutricion Humana y Dietetica, 20(2), 148–160. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1/TABLES/4

Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., Stewart, L. A., Estarli, M., Barrera, E. S. A., Martínez-Rodríguez, R., Baladia, E., Agüero, S. D., Camacho, S., Buhring, K., Herrero-López, A., Gil-González, D. M., Altman, D. G., Booth, A., … Whitlock, E. (2016). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Revista Espanola de Nutricion Humana y Dietetica, 20(2), 148–160. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1/TABLES/4

Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., Stewart, L. A., Estarli, M., Barrera, E. S. A., Martínez-Rodríguez, R., Baladia, E., Agüero, S. D., Camacho, S., Buhring, K., Herrero-López, A., Gil-González, D. M., Altman, D. G., Booth, A., … Whitlock, E. (2016). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Revista Espanola de Nutricion Humana y Dietetica, 20(2), 148–160. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1/TABLES/4

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Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 134, 178–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001

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Taubner, H., Tideman, M., & Staland Nyman, C. (2022). Employment sustainability for people with ıntellectual disability: A systematic review. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 32(3), 353–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10926-021-10020-9/TABLES/4